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大湾区工程黄茅海跨海通道项目首个主塔封顶******
中新网广州1月9日电 (蔡敏婕 岳路建)广东省交通集团9日发布消息称，备受关注的粤港澳大湾区工程黄茅海跨海通道项目建设迎来新进展。当天，随着最后一节塔柱混凝土浇筑完成，5座主塔中，关键工程高栏港大桥东塔首个主塔封顶。
黄茅海跨海通道是继港珠澳大桥、深中通道之后，粤港澳大湾区又一跨海通道工程。项目路线全长约31公里，海域段长度约15公里，跨海段设置2座主桥。其中高栏港大桥为主跨700米的双塔双索面全漂浮钢箱梁斜拉桥，双塔总高皆为254.7米。
大湾区工程黄茅海跨海通道项目首个主塔封顶 广东省交通集团供图高栏港大桥设计采用混凝土空间曲面圆端形独柱塔，塔柱截面由圆形渐变至圆端形再由圆端形渐变至圆形，最大直径18米，最小直径8.5米，主塔每一节段的空间造型不断变化，导致需求的模板造型均不相同，主塔塑形难度大、施工工艺繁杂。
为了实现主塔截面空间曲面线形变化，黄茅海跨海通道建设者将整座主塔分为43节分别制作外模，每节外模由24片弧形板片组成，弧形板片又由数块数控造型板拼接而成。其中，项目创新采用了基于BIM模型的数控雕刻系统，将事先画好的图形转化成坐标数据，导入到数控机床中，使机床能够自动地以“毫米级”的误差制作出数控造型板，保证主塔每一节段外模的标准线形。目前，项目已累计完成数控造型板制造21600块。
东塔承建方中交路桥建设有限公司黄茅海通道T3标项目经理曾柯林介绍到：“随着主塔爬升截面尺寸变化，项目通过CNC数控雕刻机切割造型木，精准实现24片弧形板片的裁切或补缝，模板爬架平台也随之增加或减少面板，最终实现了海上小蛮腰空间曲面结构主塔一爬到顶的目标，大幅度降低了爬模施工安全风险”。
相较于每一节塔柱的高精度制造，塔身的混凝土外观质量与美感同样重要。由于曲面塔身更易开裂，黄茅海跨海通道项目成立了主塔攻关小组，开发了基于云端的大体积主动温控系统，使得主塔混凝土浇筑及养护过程中内外温差减小，同时对浇筑后的混凝土采用自动养生喷淋系统与防风帆布覆盖养护措施。
黄茅海跨海通道管理中心工程部经理沈大为表示：“在浇筑混凝土时，加入抗裂纤维、抗裂剂等多种新型抗裂材料，配合养护措施使用，取得了良好的抗裂效果和养护效果，多种举措并行也实现了每节主塔的高品质建造。”
目前，黄茅海跨海通道建设顺利，关键控制性工程黄茅海大桥与高栏港大桥的其余4个塔柱施工全部过200米，预计今年上半年实现全部封顶。项目预计2024年建成通车，建成后，将与港珠澳大桥、深中通道、南沙大桥、虎门大桥，共同组成粤港澳大湾区跨海跨江通道群，助力粤港澳大湾区早日形成世界级交通枢纽。(完)
中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事****** 中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。  资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。 日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。 日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。 事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。 因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。 日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。 《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。 德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。 日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。 国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。 太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。  Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business By John Lee (ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year. Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business. The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster. On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year. The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public. In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run. Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public. The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution. The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community. The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses. According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan. As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment. However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact. Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad. The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies. If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence. 
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